University Economics - Microeconomics, Macroeconomics, Money and Finance
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Câu 1. Which of the following is a positive (not normative) economic statement?
- A. The government should raise the minimum wage.
- B. Inequality is too high in Vietnam.
- C. A rise in the minimum wage reduces employment of unskilled workers.
- D. Everyone deserves a fair income.
Câu 2. The fundamental economic problem of scarcity arises because:
- A. Human wants are unlimited relative to limited resources
- B. Markets always fail
- C. Governments restrict production
- D. Money is in short supply
Câu 3. Opportunity cost is best defined as:
- A. The money price paid for a good
- B. The value of the next-best alternative forgone
- C. The total cost of all alternatives
- D. The explicit accounting cost of production
Câu 4. A point inside a country's production possibilities frontier (PPF) indicates:
- A. An unattainable output combination
- B. Productive efficiency
- C. Unemployed or inefficiently used resources
- D. Economic growth
Câu 5. A PPF that is bowed outward from the origin reflects:
- A. Constant opportunity cost
- B. Decreasing opportunity cost
- C. Zero opportunity cost
- D. Increasing opportunity cost
Câu 6. According to the principle of comparative advantage, a country should specialize in the good for which it has:
- A. The lowest opportunity cost
- B. The highest absolute output
- C. The lowest wages
- D. The largest export market
Câu 7. Which of the following is a topic of macroeconomics rather than microeconomics?
- A. Pricing decisions of a single firm
- B. The effect of a tax on the cigarette market
- C. Consumer choice between two goods
- D. The determinants of the national unemployment rate
Câu 8. A rational decision-maker undertakes an additional unit of an activity as long as:
- A. Marginal benefit exceeds or equals marginal cost
- B. Total benefit exceeds total cost
- C. Average cost is falling
- D. Marginal cost exceeds marginal benefit
Câu 9. A firm has already spent 5 billion VND on a machine that cannot be resold. This cost should be treated in future decisions as:
- A. A marginal cost
- B. An opportunity cost
- C. A sunk cost to be ignored
- D. A variable cost
Câu 10. Which of the following causes a movement along the demand curve for a good, rather than a shift of the curve?
- A. A change in consumers' income
- B. A change in the good's own price
- C. A change in consumers' tastes
- D. A change in the price of a substitute
Câu 11. For a normal good, an increase in consumer income will:
- A. Shift the demand curve to the right
- B. Shift the demand curve to the left
- C. Shift the supply curve to the right
- D. Move along the demand curve downward
Câu 12. A good for which demand falls when consumer income rises is called:
- A. A normal good
- B. A Giffen good only if its price falls
- C. A luxury good
- D. An inferior good
Câu 13. If the price of printers rises, the demand for printer ink (a complement) will most likely:
- A. Increase
- B. Decrease
- C. Remain unchanged
- D. Become perfectly elastic
Câu 14. An improvement in production technology will cause:
- A. A leftward shift of the supply curve
- B. A rightward shift of the supply curve
- C. A rightward shift of the demand curve
- D. A movement up along the supply curve
Câu 15. If both demand and supply increase, the equilibrium:
- A. Quantity rises and the price change is ambiguous
- B. Price rises and the quantity change is ambiguous
- C. Price and quantity both fall
- D. Price falls and quantity rises
Câu 16. A binding price ceiling set below the equilibrium price results in:
- A. A surplus
- B. No change in the market
- C. A shortage
- D. A rise in quantity supplied
Câu 17. A binding price floor set above the equilibrium price results in:
- A. A shortage
- B. A surplus
- C. A fall in the price paid
- D. An increase in quantity demanded
Câu 18. Demand is described as price elastic when the absolute value of the price elasticity of demand is:
- A. Equal to zero
- B. Less than 1
- C. Greater than 1
- D. Equal to 1 exactly
Câu 19. When the price of a good rises by 10%, quantity demanded falls by 25%. The price elasticity of demand (absolute value) is:
- A. 0.4
- B. 2.5
- C. 15
- D. 35
Câu 20. If demand for a good is price inelastic, a price increase will cause total revenue to:
- A. Fall
- B. Stay unchanged
- C. Rise
- D. Fall to zero
Câu 21. A negative cross-price elasticity of demand between two goods indicates that they are:
- A. Substitutes
- B. Complements
- C. Inferior goods
- D. Unrelated
Câu 22. A good with income elasticity of demand greater than 1 is classified as:
- A. A necessity
- B. An inferior good
- C. A luxury good
- D. A public good
Câu 23. Consumer surplus is the difference between:
- A. Price and marginal cost
- B. Total revenue and total cost
- C. Price and the producer's minimum acceptable price
- D. The maximum price consumers are willing to pay and the price actually paid
Câu 24. Producer surplus is represented graphically by the area:
- A. Above the demand curve and below the price
- B. Above the supply curve and below the market price
- C. Below the supply curve
- D. Under the marginal revenue curve
Câu 25. A per-unit tax on a good creates a deadweight loss because it:
- A. Raises government revenue
- B. Reduces the quantity traded below the efficient level
- C. Increases the price paid by sellers
- D. Shifts the demand curve outward
… và còn 175 câu nữa. Bấm Vào thi phía trên để làm toàn bộ 200 câu và xem đáp án.
