ISTQB_De_4_Cau_139-184
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Câu 1. Which ONE of the following options MOST ACCURATELY describes the activities of “testing” and “debugging”?
- A. Testing triggers a failure that is caused by a defect in the software, whereas debugging is concerned with finding the causes of this failure (defects), analyzing these causes, and eliminating them.
- B. Testing triggers a failure that is caused by a defect in the software, whereas debugging is concerned with finding the causes of this failure (defects), analyzing these causes, and reproducing them.
- C. Testing identifies a defect that is caused by an error in the software, whereas debugging is concerned with finding the causes of this defect, analyzing these causes, and eliminating them.
- D. Testing triggers a defect that is caused by an error in the software, whereas debugging is concerned with finding the causes of this defect, analyzing these causes, and eliminating them.
Câu 2. The following state transition diagram describes the behavior of a control system in terms of its possible modes of operation. The initial start state will be the “NORMAL MODE”. Which ONE of the following test cases covers an INVALID sequence?
- A. NORMAL MODE >> DIAGNOSTIC MODE >> DEGRADED MODE >> EMERGENCY MODE >> DIAGNOSTIC MODE >> NORMAL MODE >> DIAGNOSTIC MODE
- B. NORMAL MODE >> DEGRADED MODE >> NORMAL MODE >> DIAGNOSTIC MODE >> DEGRADED MODE >> EMERGENCY MODE >> DIAGNOSTIC MODE
- C. NORMAL MODE >> DIAGNOSTIC MODE >> DEGRADED MODE >> EMERGENCY MODE >> DIAGNOSTIC MODE >> NORMAL MODE >> DEGRADED MODE
- D. NORMAL MODE >> DIAGNOSTIC MODE >> NORMAL MODE >> DIAGNOSTIC MODE >> EMERGENCY MODE >> DIAGNOSTIC MODE >> NORMAL MODE
Câu 3. As a result of the joint evaluation of a product version with the customer, it has been concluded that it would be appropriate to retrieve an earlier version of the product and carry out a benchmark. Depending on the result, further development will be carried out based on the current version or the retrieved version. Which mechanism, process, and/or technique will allow the specific version (including the testing work products) of a given software product to be restored?
- A. Defect management
- B. Configuration management
- C. Change management
- D. Risk management
Câu 4. Which ONE of the following tools would be MOST SUITABLE for facilitating the creation of test cases, test data, and test procedures?
- A. Test design and implementation tools are specifically designed for creating test cases, test data, and test procedures.
- B. Static testing tools as they assist the tester in conducting reviews and static analysis.
- C. DevOps tools, as they support the automated build process and CI/CD.
- D. Test execution and coverage tools facilitate the automated execution of tests and the measurement of test coverage.
Câu 5. Your organization's test strategy states that it is desirable to use more than one method for estimating the test effort. You are responsible for establishing the test effort for the next project. Based on historical information, the type of project you are going to estimate has a development-to-test effort ratio of 5:3. The initial estimate of the development effort is 450 person-days. Which ONE of the following options corresponds to the estimated test effort using the ratio-based method?
- A. 750 person-days
- B. 180 person-days
- C. 720 person-days
- D. 270 person-days
Câu 6. User Story: As a member of the “Agnotoly” association, I want to be able to pay the association's dues through an automatic payment method so that I can forget about payment deadlines. Acceptance Criteria: • The member can only pay with “Agnosis Master” credit card. • The member must register their cell phone number. • The member must register the credit card in the association's payment system. • The member must select one of the following credit card payment methods: monthly or annual. • For the payment system to proceed with the transaction, the member must accept the t...
- A. Acceptance criteria 8 has not been fully covered during the above test cycle.
- B. Acceptance criteria 4 has not been fully covered during the above test cycle.
- C. All acceptance criteria have been fully covered during the above test cycle.
- D. Acceptance criteria 6 has not been fully covered during the above test cycle.
Câu 7. Which ONE of the following activities TYPICALLY belongs to the planning phase of the review process?
- A. A separate defect report is created for each identified defect so that corrective actions can be tracked.
- B. Each reviewer conducts an individual review to identify anomalies, recommendations, and questions.
- C. The purpose and scope of the review are defined, as well as the work product to be reviewed and the exit criteria.
- D. The reviewers analyze and discuss the anomalies found during the review in a joint meeting.
Câu 8. Which ONE of the following options is a practice that does NOT TYPICALLY correspond to a shift left approach?
- A. Reviewing the specification from the perspective of testing.
- B. Write the test cases before writing the code and run the code in a test harness during code implementation.
- C. Using continuous integration (CI) and even better continuous delivery (CD).
- D. Performing non-functional testing starting at the system test level.
Câu 9. Consider the following list of activities (I to V): I. Test design II. Test planning III. Review test basis IV. Be a facilitator of a peer review V. Test monitoring and control Which ONE of the following options identifies the activities that the test management role is MAINLY focused on?
- A. Activities III, IV, and V
- B. Activities II and V
- C. Activities I and V
- D. Activities I, III, and IV
Câu 10. Which ONE of the following options CORRECTLY describes one of the seven principles of the testing process?
- A. The objective of testing is to implement exhaustive testing and execute as many test cases as possible.
- B. Exhaustive testing can only be carried out using behavior-based techniques.
- C. It is impossible to test all possible combinations of inputs and preconditions of a system.
- D. Automated testing enables exhaustive testing.
Câu 11. Consider the following table, which contains information about test cases from the test management system: Where: • REQ stands for REQuirement • TC stands for Test Case • TC 60 depends on REQ 1 • TC 80 depends on REQ 2 • The priority of the requirement is inherited by the test case • The priority varies from 1 to 5 • Priority 5 is the highest priority Which ONE of the following options organizes the test cases based on the statement coverage strategy, while considering practical constraints?
- A. {TC 20; TC 30; TC 10; TC 40; TC 50; TC 70; TC 60; TC 80; TC 90}
- B. {TC 10; TC 30; TC 20; TC 60; TC 40; TC 80; TC 90; TC 50; TC 70}
- C. {TC 80; TC 70; TC 50; TC 60; TC 20; TC 30; TC 10; TC 40; TC 90}
- D. {TC 60; TC 80; TC 40; TC 90; TC 50; TC 10; TC 70; TC 30; TC 20}
Câu 12. Which ONE of the following work products TYPICALLY belongs to test execution?
- A. Test logs that document the results of test execution.
- B. Automated test scripts used for test execution.
- C. A test plan that describes the test strategy and test objectives.
- D. A list of test conditions prioritized during test analysis.
Câu 13. Which ONE of the following statements would you expect to be the MOST DIRECT advantage of the whole-team approach?
- A. Capitalizing on the combined skills of business representatives, testers, and developers working together to contribute to project success.
- B. Reducing the involvement of business representatives because of enhanced communication and collaboration between testers and developers.
- C. Avoiding requirements misunderstandings that may not have been detected until dynamic testing when they are more expensive to fix.
- D. Having an automated build and test process, at least once a day, that detects integration errors early and quickly.
Câu 14. Which ONE of the following roles is responsible for mediating, managing time, and generating a safe review environment in which everyone can speak freely?
- A. Manager
- B. Reviewer
- C. Review leader
- D. Moderator
Câu 15. Which ONE of the following elements is TYPICALLY used to guide testing during exploratory testing?
- A. A test charter that defines the testing objectives for the test session.
- B. A comprehensive specification that must be fully available before testing begins.
- C. A detailed test script that prescribes all the steps to be performed.
- D. A predefined test case that must be executed exactly as documented.
Câu 16. Which ONE of the following statements BEST applies checklist-based testing?
- A. q
- B. e
- C. r
- D. f
Câu 17. Which ONE of the following options corresponds to an activity in the testing process in which testable features are identified?
- A. Test design
- B. Test analysis
- C. Test implementation
- D. Test execution
Câu 18. Which ONE of the following options MOST ACCURATELY describes branch testing?
- A. In branch testing, the coverage items are executable statements. The aim is to design test cases that exercise statements in the code until an acceptable level of coverage is achieved, expressed as a percentage.
- B. In branch testing, the coverage items are control flow transfers between decisions, and the aim is to design test cases to exercise flow transfers in the code until an acceptable level of coverage is achieved. Coverage is measured as the number of branches exercised by the test cases divided by the...
- C. In branch testing, the coverage items are branches, and the aim is to design test cases to exercise branches in the code until an acceptable level of coverage is achieved. Coverage is measured as the number of branches exercised by the test cases divided by the total number of branches expressed as...
- D. In branch testing, the coverage items are executable decisions. The aim is to design test cases that exercise statements in the code until an acceptable level of coverage is achieved. Coverage is expressed as a percentage.
Câu 19. Which ONE of the following is a GOOD testing practice that is INDEPENDENT of the chosen SDLC (Software Development Life Cycle) model?
- A. Testers are involved in reviewing work products as soon as the final version of this documentation is available so that this earlier testing and defect detection can support the “shift-left” strategy.
- B. Test analysis and design for a specific test level begin during the corresponding development phase of the SDLC, allowing testing to follow the principle of late testing.
- C. For every software development activity, there is a corresponding testing activity, ensuring that all development activities are subject to quality assurance.
- D. Different test levels have specific and overlapping test objectives, allowing tests to be appropriate to specific test object types while managing redundancy.
Câu 20. Which ONE of the following options is NOT a benefit of test automation?
- A. Reduced test execution times
- B. More objective assessment
- C. Prevention of simple human errors
- D. Eliminating completely the need for manual testing
Câu 21. Which ONE of the following elements is TYPICALLY NOT part of a test progress report?
- A. Obstacles and their workarounds
- B. A detailed assessment of product quality
- C. Test metrics to show the current status of the test process
- D. New or changed risks
Câu 22. Consider the following statements about acceptance test levels (I to V): I. Acceptance test levels focus on validating and demonstrating readiness for deployment. II. Acceptance test levels must be performed by an independent test team. III. Acceptance test levels often require specific support, such as test harnesses. IV. Acceptance test levels ideally should be performed by the intended users. V. Acceptance test levels use component specifications as the test basis for the system. Which ONE of the following options contains the statements (I - V) that MOST ACCURATELY characterize acceptance...
- A. Statements I, III, and V
- B. Statements II, IV, and V
- C. Statements II and V
- D. Statements I and IV
Câu 23. Which ONE of the following options BEST characterizes the Behavior-Driven Development (BDD) approach?
- A. Expresses the desired behavior of an application with test cases written in a simple form of natural language that is easy to understand by stakeholders — usually using the Preconditions/Input Values/Process/Output Values/Postconditions format. Test cases are then automatically translated into execu...
- B. Expresses the desired behavior of an application with test cases written in a simple form of natural language that is easy to understand by stakeholders — usually using the Given/When/Then format. Test cases are then automatically translated into executable tests.
- C. Derives tests from acceptance criteria as part of the system design process. Tests are written before the part of the application is developed to satisfy the tests. Tests will persist as automated tests to ensure code maintainability in future adaptions/refactoring.
- D. Derives tests from acceptance criteria as part of the system design process. Tests are
Câu 24. Which ONE of the following elements is TYPICALLY part of the test plan?
- A. The budget and schedule for the test project.
- B. A detailed analysis of the defects found and their causes.
- C. A detailed report on the test results after the test project is completed.
- D. A list of test logs from the test execution.
Câu 25. Which ONE of the following options identifies the perspectives through which a collective authorship process generates a shared vision of user stories?
- A. Product owner, development, and testing
- B. Business, architecture, and testing
- C. Business, development, and testing
- D. Business, development, and acceptance testing
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