Thống kê - Ôn tập trắc nghiệm (Chương 1-3)
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Câu 1. A descriptive measure that is computed from a sample is called a:
- A. parameter.
- B. statistic.
- C. population.
- D. sample.
Câu 2. A study is under way to determine the average height of all 63,000 adult walnut trees in a certain national forest. The heights of 950 randomly selected adult walnut trees are measured and analyzed. The sample in this study is:
- A. the average height of the 950 randomly selected adult walnut trees.
- B. the average height of all the adult walnut trees in this forest.
- C. all the adult walnut trees in this forest.
- D. the 950 adult walnut trees selected at random from this forest.
Câu 3. The classification of student class designation (freshman, sophomore, junior, senior) is an example of a(n)
- A. nominal random variable.
- B. interval random variable.
- C. ordinal random variable.
- D. a parameter.
Câu 4. A researcher wishes to estimate the textbook costs of first-year students at Barry University. To do so, he recorded the textbook cost of 300 first-year students and found that their average textbook cost was $195 per semester. The variable of interest to the researcher is
- A. textbook cost.
- B. class rank.
- C. number of students.
- D. name of university.
Câu 5. If two data sets have the same range:
- A. the distances from the smallest to largest observations in both sets will be the same.
- B. the smallest and largest observations are the same in both sets.
- C. both sets will have the same standard deviation.
- D. both sets will have the same interquartile range.
Câu 6. The Empirical Rule states that the approximate percentage of measurements in a data set (providing that the data set has a bell shaped distribution) that fall within two standard deviations of their mean is approximately:
- A. 68%
- B. 75%
- C. 95%
- D. 99%
Câu 7. Which of the following types of data has no measure of variability?
- A. Interval data
- B. Nominal data
- C. Bimodal data
- D. None of these choices.
Câu 8. When extreme values are present in a set of data, which of the following descriptive summary measures are most appropriate?
- A. Coefficient of variation and range
- B. Mean and standard deviation
- C. Interquartile range and median
- D. Variance and interquartile range
Câu 9. Values must represent ordered rankings for what type of data?
- A. Interval data
- B. Nominal data
- C. Ordinal data
- D. None of these choices.
Câu 10. For what type of data are frequencies the only calculations that can be done?
- A. Interval data
- B. Nominal data
- C. Ordinal data
- D. None of these choices.
Câu 11. Which of the following situations is best suited for a pie chart?
- A. The number of dollars spent this year on each type of legal gambling.
- B. The percentage of a charitable donation that goes to administrative costs vs. directly to the charity.
- C. The number of students in your class who received an A, B, C, D, F on their exam.
- D. All of these choices are true.
Câu 12. When studying the responses to two nominal questions, we should develop a
- A. cross-classification table.
- B. frequency distribution table.
- C. cumulative percentage distribution table.
- D. scatter diagram.
Câu 13. Which of the following techniques can be used to explore relationships between two nominal variables?
- A. Comparing the relative frequencies within a cross-classification table.
- B. Comparing pie charts, one for each column (or row).
- C. Comparing bar charts, one for each column (or row).
- D. All of these choices are true.
Câu 14. A modal class in a histogram is the class that includes
- A. the largest number of observations.
- B. the smallest number of observations.
- C. the largest observation in the data set.
- D. the smallest observation in the data set.
Câu 15. The sum of the relative frequencies for all classes in a histogram always equals
- A. the number of classes.
- B. the class width.
- C. the total of all the frequencies.
- D. one.
Câu 16. Which of the following statements about shapes of histograms is true?
- A. A histogram is said to be symmetric if, when we draw a vertical line down the center of the histogram, the two sides are identical in shape and size.
- B. A negatively skewed histogram is one with a long tail extending to the left.
- C. A positively skewed histogram is one with a long tail extending to the right.
- D. All of these choices are true.
Câu 17. What does the length of each line of a stem-and-leaf display represent?
- A. The percentage of observations in the interval represented by that stem.
- B. The number of observations in the interval represented by that stem.
- C. The total frequency of observations within or below that stem.
- D. The number of digits to the left of the decimal point.
Câu 18. What values are displayed on a cumulative relative frequency distribution?
- A. The number of observations that fall into each class interval.
- B. The proportion of observations that fall into each class interval.
- C. The number of observations that fall below each class interval.
- D. The proportion of observations that fall below each class interval.
Câu 19. Observations that are measured at successive points in time is what type of data?
- A. Time-series data
- B. Cross-sectional data
- C. Successive data
- D. None of these choices.
Câu 20. Which of the following statements describes a line chart?
- A. A line chart is a graph of time-series data.
- B. A line chart is a plot of a variable over time.
- C. The horizontal axis of a line chart contains time periods.
- D. All of these choices are true.
Câu 21. Observations that are measured at the same time represent what type of data?
- A. Time-series data
- B. Cross-sectional data
- C. Synchronous data.
- D. None of these choices.
Câu 22. The relationship between two interval variables is graphically displayed by a
- A. scatter diagram
- B. histogram
- C. bar chart
- D. pie chart
Câu 23. In order to draw a scatter diagram, we need interval data for
- A. one variable
- B. two variables
- C. three variables
- D. four variables
Câu 24. Which of the following statements is false?
- A. You can examine the relationship between two nominal variables using a cross-classification table.
- B. You can only apply statistical techniques to one variable at a time.
- C. You can examine the relationship between two interval variables using a scatter diagram.
- D. None of these choices.
Câu 25. Possible methods of graphical deception include:
- A. A graph without a scale on one axis.
- B. A graph's caption that influences the impression of the viewer.
- C. A graph where absolute changes, rather than percentage changes, are reported.
- D. All of these choices are true.
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